O custo tributário nas empresas brasileiras de energia elétrica: uma análise por meio da Demonstração do Valor Adicionado
Keywords:
Custo Tributário, Valor Adicionado, Demonstração do Valor Adicionado.Abstract
A distribuição de riqueza feita pelas empresas ao Estado, e apresentada na DVA, releva o montante do custo tributário suportado pelas empresas. No entanto, este valor não coincide necessariamente com a carga tributária média divulgada pelos órgãos oficiais, uma vez que cada empresa apresenta peculiaridades tributárias que vão desde atividades com menor ônus até incentivos tributários oferecidos pelo Estado. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa analisa a relação entre a carga tributária e o valor adicionado, com o objetivo de identificar os custos tributários suportados pelas empresas do setor de energia elétrica, atuantes na BM&FBOVESPA, comparado à riqueza gerada. Para alcançar o objetivo do estudo, comparou-se a carga tributária média das empresas de maior e menor montante de valor adicionado. Os dados foram analisados através do teste de médias de Mann-Whitney. No tocante às tipologias de delineamento, a pesquisa classifica-se como exploratória, quanto ao objetivo; bibliográfica e documental, quanto aos procedimentos; e, quantitativa, quanto à abordagem do problema. O setor analisado foi o de energia elétrica, sendo que o horizonte temporal analisado compreendeu os períodos de 2007 a 2013, o que totalizou 289 observações. Os resultados indicam que, durante o período analisado, as empresas que geraram valores mais elevados de riqueza foram tributadas em percentuais inferiores àquelas que geraram menos riqueza. Assim, concluiu-se que existe uma relação negativa entre o valor adicionado e a carga tributária, nas empresas estudadas, a um nível de confiabilidade de 95%.Published
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