Índice de desenvolvimento da educação básica dos Estados e do Distrito Federal: avaliação em um único índice. 2005-2013
Abstract
O Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB) foi criado pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP) em 2007 e representa a iniciativa de reunir em um só indicador conceitos importantes para a qualidade da educação. Foram divulgados no sítio eletrônico do INEP, o IDEB por escola, município, unidade da federação, região e Brasil, dos anos de 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011 e 2013. O objetivo desta investigação é elaborar um único índice de desenvolvimento da educação básica dos Estados e do Distrito Federal, a partir dos IDEB de 2005-2013, com a utilização da Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). Para atingir o objetivo, foi elaborado um modelo teórico e empírico. Os resultados revelaram que o Estado de Minas Gerais apresentou o melhor desempenho no índice que sintetiza todos os IDEB até agora divulgados pelo INEP com o escore de 4.2187, o qual foi considerado na escala de 0 a 1, como eficiente (1 = 100%) para, a partir do mesmo, identificar a porcentagem relativa da eficiência dos demais Estados e do Distrito Federal. Os Estados do Paraná e São Paulo ficaram, respectivamente na 2ª e 3ª posição e os Estados do Rio Grande do Norte (25ª), Alagoas (26ª) e Bahia (27ª) nas últimas posições.
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